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Most of us have not heard the name of Mathematician #Lilavati. It is said about her that she could even count the leaves of the tree.
Hardly anyone knows that the book of mathematics from which hundreds of countries of the world including Europe are teaching mathematics, is authored by Lilavati, daughter of Maharishi Bhaskaracharya, a great mathematician from India. Today mathematicians are honored with the Lilavati Award in the field of promotion and dissemination of mathematics.
Let us know about the great mathematician Lilavati, by whose name mathematics was recognized.
In the tenth century, there was a great scholar of mathematics and astrology named #Bhaskaracharya in South India. His daughter's name was Lilavati.
He was his only child. They learned from astrological calculations that 'she will become a widow after a few days of marriage.'
After thinking a lot, she determined a muhurat in which the girl won't be widow when she gets married. The date of marriage has been fixed. The work of seeing the time was taken from the water clock itself.
Clock in ancient times: Water clock
A small hole was made in a large bowl and left in a pitcher of water. There used to be an hour (एक घड़ी) when the bowl was filled with water from the hole and it was submerged in water.
But, the destiny..... Lilavati was sitting dressed in for wedding, everyone was waiting for the auspicious wedding and a pearl broke from Lilavati's ornament and fell into the bowl and the hole was closed; The auspicious marriage has passed and no one even came to know about it.
The marriage had to be done on the second ascendant. Lilavati became a widow, the dam of patience between the father and the daughter was broken. Lilavati started living in her father's house.
Bhaskaracharya started teaching mathematics to the daughter to remove her misery. He also understood the usefulness of the rest of his life in the study of mathematics.
Within a few days, she became a complete scholar in the said subject. A treatise on the subject of Pati-Genet, Algebra and Astrology, 'Siddhantshiromani' has been made by Bhaskaracharya. Most of the mathematics in this is the creation of Lilavati.
Bhaskaracharya has named the part of Patiganit as 'Lilavati' to make his daughter immortal.
To teach mathematics to his daughter Lilavati, Bhaskaracharya had derived such mathematical formulas which were in poetry. Those formulas had to be memorized.
After that, maths questions were solved using those formulas. Before memorizing, Bhaskaracharya used to explain Leelavati in simple language, slowly.
He used to address the girl affectionately, “Lilavati, a lovely girl with beautiful eyes, these are the sutras….” Using this style of teaching the daughter, Bhaskaracharya wrote a great book of mathematics, which he named "Lilavati".
Nowadays mathematics is considered to be a tough subject, but Bhaskaracharya's book 'Lilavati' mathematics can also be taught while blending entertainment, curiosity etc. with pleasure,
Its a sample. Let us see an example of Lilavati – 'A group of pure lotuses worshiped Shiva, Vishnu and Surya with the third, fifth and sixth respectively, Parvati with the fourth lotus and the Guru's feet with the remaining six lotuses.
Come on, Bale Leelavati, tell me how many flowers there were in that lotus cluster..?
Answer – 120 lotus flowers.
Explaining the square and the cube, Bhaskaracharya says, 'Aye Bale, Lilavati, the square area and its area is called a square.
The product of two equal numbers is also called a square. Similarly the product of three equal numbers is a cube and a solid with twelve vertices and equal sides is also a cube.
The word 'mool' is used in Sanskrit in the sense of root of a tree or plant or in the broad sense of origin, due to something.
Therefore, in ancient mathematics, the square root meant 'the cause or origin of the square, i.e. square one side'.
Similarly, the meaning of cube root can also be understood. There were many methods of finding square and cube root.
In order to answer Lilavati's questions, a huge book named “Siddhanta Shiromani” was written, which has four parts – (1) Lilavati (2) Bijaganit (3) Graha Ganitadhyaya and (4) Goladhyaya.
The formulas of mathematics and astronomy have been explained in a very simple and poetic way in 'Leelavati'.
In 1587, Faizi, a scholar of Akbar's court, translated "Lilavati" into Persian language.
The first translation of "Lilavati" in English was by J. Weller in 1716.
Until recently, many teachers in India used to teach mathematics in couplets. Such as the table of fifteen… three forty-five, fours sixty, sixty ninety… eight twenty-eight, nine thirty-five….
Similarly, the way of remembering the calendar was also in the verse sutra, " See upto June thirty, baaki thirty one, twenty eight ke february twenty nine!"
In this way, after learning mathematics from her father, Lilavati also became known as a great mathematician and astronomer.
When a man dies, his fame remains, so today mathematicians are honored with the Lilavati Award.
We have a very precious history, leaving behind which we are copying foreign countries in the race of modernity.
Sincerely
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